Table of Contents

1. Introduction and Overview.- 1.1 Why Integrate Neurons and Symbols?.- 1.2 Strategies of Neural-Symbolic Integration.- 1.3 Neural-Symbolic Learning Systems.- 1.4 A Simple Example.- 1.5 How to Read this Book.- 1.6 Summary.- 2. Background.- 2.1 General Preliminaries.- 2.2 Inductive Learning.- 2.3 Neural Networks.- 2.4 Logic Programming.- 2.5 Nonmonotonic Reasoning.- 2.6 Belief Revision.- I. Knowledge Refinement in Neural Networks.- 3. Theory Refinement in Neural Networks.- 4. Experiments on Theory Refinement.- II. Knowledge Extraction from Neural Networks.- 5. Knowledge Extraction from Trained Networks.- 6. Experiments on Knowledge Extraction.- III. Knowledge Revision in Neural Networks.- 7. Handling Inconsistencies in Neural Networks.- 8. Experiments on Handling Inconsistencies.- 9. Neural-Symbolic Integration: The Road Ahead.

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