About the Author

Keith Stringer is Professor of Medieval British History at Lancaster University. His research focuses on medieval state-making, noble power-structures, religious reform, cultural exchanges, and the construction of individual, national and supra-national identities, with the emphasis on the developing Scottish and English polities (1100–1300), and the world of ‘middle Britain’ (1100–1400). His most recent publications include The Kings of Scots, the Liberty of Penrith and the Making of Britain (1237–1296) (2019), as well as (with others)  Northern England and Southern Scotland in the Central Middle Ages (2017), and The Normans and the ‘Norman Edge’: Peoples, Polities and Identities on the Frontiers of Medieval Europe (2019).