Table of Contents

1 Introduction.- 2 The Testing Industry.- The Major Companies.- The Medium-Sized Companies.- Small Publishers.- The Secondary Industry.- Military Testing.- Other Players.- The Fractured Market.- 3 The Extent of the Marketplace for Tests.- Direct Indicators of Growth in Educational Testing.- Indirect Indicators of Growth in Educational Testing.- The Extent of Standardized Testing in the Employment Sector.- The Expanding Marketplace for Testing.- 4 Social Investment in Educational Testing.- Costs and Benefits: What Are We Talking About?.- The Cost Structure of Educational Testing.- An Estimated Testing Cost Function.- Comparing Costs and Benefits at the Margin.- The Benefits of Testing.- 5 Forces Behind the Testing Marketplace.- Dissatisfaction and Reform.- Legislation.- The Focus on Outcomes of Schooling.- Bureaucratization of Education.- New Forces.- 6 Spin-Offs from the Testing Industry.- The Computer Connection.- Test Preparation and Coaching.- Honesty Testing.- 7 Test Quality and the Fractured Marketplace for Testing.- Quality in Testing.- The Lake Wobegon Phenomenon.- The Marketing of Tests and Related Services.- The RFP Process.- Computer-Based Test Interpretation.- Test Preparation and Coaching.- Minor Mold or Major Blight?.- 8 Mending the Fractured Marketplace.- Fractures in the Testing Marketplace.- Recent Proposals for New National Tests.- Strategies for Mending the Fractured Marketplace.- Conclusion.- References.- Appendices.- 1 Estimation of Number of Students Tested in State-Mandated Testing Programs.- 2 Consumer Price Index Adjustments for Inflation.- 3 Calculation of Standardized Growth Expectations (SGEs).

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